Psoriasis: Symptoms, Causes, Types, Treatment & Management

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition that causes rapid skin cell turnover, resulting in red, thickened plaques covered with silvery-white scale. It most commonly appears on the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back, but can affect any area of the body. Psoriasis is not contagious. It has a strong genetic component and affects millions of Americans. While there is no cure, modern treatments effectively control symptoms and improve quality of life for most patients.

• Raised, red patches covered with silvery scale
• Dry, cracked skin that may bleed
• Itching, burning, or soreness
• Thickened or ridged nails
• Scalp involvement that can resemble severe dandruff
• Joint pain or stiffness (psoriatic arthritis in some patients)

Symptoms often cycle between flares and quieter periods.

Psoriasis results from an overactive immune response involving T-cells that accelerate skin cell production. Genetics play a major role. Common triggers that can start or worsen flares include:

• Stress
• Skin injury (Koebner phenomenon)
• Infections (especially strep)
• Cold, dry weather
• Certain medications
• Smoking and heavy alcohol use

• Plaque psoriasis (most common)
• Scalp psoriasis
• Guttate psoriasis (small drop-like spots)
• Inverse psoriasis (in skin folds)
• Nail psoriasis
• Pustular or erythrodermic (less common, more severe)

Treatment is tailored to severity and location:

• Topical corticosteroids, vitamin D analogs, and retinoids
• Phototherapy (narrowband UVB)
• Systemic medications and biologics for moderate-to-severe disease
• Moisturizers and gentle skincare to support the barrier
• Lifestyle measures to reduce triggers

Many patients achieve clear or nearly clear skin with current therapies.

Seek care for persistent plaques, scalp involvement, nail changes, joint symptoms, or when over-the-counter products fail. Early treatment reduces the risk of complications and improves long-term control.

• Is psoriasis contagious? No.
• Can psoriasis be cured? There is no cure, but it is highly manageable.
• Does diet affect psoriasis? Some patients notice improvement with weight management and reduced alcohol.
• Is scalp psoriasis the same as dandruff? No—scalp psoriasis produces thicker, silvery scale and may require stronger treatment.
• Can psoriasis affect joints? Yes—up to 30% of patients develop psoriatic arthritis.

Psoriasis is a lifelong condition, but effective control is realistic with the right plan. Our board-certified dermatologists offer comprehensive evaluation and advanced treatment options. Request an appointment at Palmetto Skin and Laser Center. Call (803) 329-6030 or book online—clearer, more comfortable skin is achievable.